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Financial Sector Readiness to Support Economic Actives under COVID-19: The Case of African Continent

The magnitude of COVID-19 is yet to be estimated and felt by countries. The pandemic has posed a major disruption to economic activity across the world. Using the model by Battese, G.E., Coelli, T.J. (1995) the translog production frontier was adopted to estimate technical efficiency of the financial sector of the continent. The 24 countries selected were based on the availability of data to cover our variables of interest. The findings were that generally the financial sector in the continent have performed above average (72%) over the period of study. Also lower middle income countries are relatively going to have more problems with pandemic. However, the probability of the continent not plunging into economic depression with the support of the financial sector is 0.42 which is not encouraging. It is recommended that policies to address interest rate margin, liquidity and market concentration should be managed properly to improve technical efficiency of the financial sectors of the continent. This will ensure that relief packages and grants are managed properly.

Winful, E. C., Sarpong, D., & Dondjio, I. (2020). Financial Sector Readiness to Support Economic Actives under COVID-19: The Case of African Continent. SSRN Electronic Journal.

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Blockchain Technology and Waste Management: A Systematic Literature Review

Population growth and increased trash generation are expected to worsen living conditions in LCDs. However, waste management organizations have been hindered by a lack of stakeholder participation and coordination as well as obsolete disposal methods. By automating the collection and transportation of rubbish, current technology only aids to reducing human participation. People could be more engaged in waste management activities if they were remunerated for it. The enabling system should automatically record significant activities and respond appropriately. The blockchain technology could be the solution as it may help waste management by increasing public knowledge, transparency, and stakeholder confidence. This study looks at how the blockchain technology could improve waste management by increasing public awareness, transparency, and trust among stakeholders. By ensuring immutability using a cryptographically secure distributed ledger system, blockchain links people, processes, and technical developments. Through a systematic literature review on blockchain technology deployment in waste management, this research seeks to add to the content of previous studies and to enlighten the path for future studies. Furthermore, the study’s findings will help addressing research gaps on using new technology to conserve the environment. They would also help authorities and politicians to raise awareness and involve stakeholders in social issues.

Dondjio, I., & Themistocleous, M. (2022). Blockchain Technology and Waste Management: A Systematic Literature Review. In Lecture notes in business information processing (pp. 194–212).

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The Importance of Blockchain for Ecomobility in Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

By 2050, cities will house at least 70% of the world’s population. Already, metropolitan areas are responsible for 70% of all greenhouse gas emissions caused by energy usage. The expanding population of city dwellers has presented new challenges to contemporary urban areas. Congestion and other kinds of inefficient urban movement irritate city people and reduce their quality of life. Cities are reducing carbon dioxide emissions in an attempt to prevent global warming, which necessitates innovative new modes of transportation. Smart cities are innovative problem-solving projects for difficulties that have evolved as a consequence of increasing urbanization and changing environmental circumstances. Today’s cities depend largely on people’s capacity to travel freely and easily in order to minimize traffic congestion, provide a high quality of life for residents and tourists, and reduce carbon emissions and environmental deterioration. Everything is dependent on an effective and sustainable transportation infrastructure. Blockchain technology is being researched for smart city applications and is used in smart mobility for ridesharing, electric charging, platoon member interactions, and vehicle communication. Although exploratory research on this issue exists, it is spread over different use-cases and applications. This research conducts a thorough analysis of the literature on the implications of blockchain for smart city mobility and transportation, as well as its potential to boost efficiency in these sectors. The goal of this article is to synthesize and summarize existing information on the issue and contribute to closing the knowledge gap by researching how blockchain technology might improve ecomobility by reducing pollution, travel time, and congestion. The results of the literature review are divided into six use-case categories.

Dondjio, I. (2023). The Importance of Blockchain for Ecomobility in Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review. In Lecture notes in business information processing (pp. 165–184).

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A Blockchain Framework for Digital Asset Ownership and Transfer in Succession

The accumulation of wealth and assets through inheritance forms the basis for future generations’ prosperity, encompassing financial assets, physical possessions, and intangible riches like knowledge and skills. However, inheriting such multidimensional wealth presents complex technological, social, and legal challenges. To address these issues, the authors present a comprehensive exploration of technology-driven inheritance methods and the role of blockchain in asset management. Current research in this area is fragmented, lacking a unified conceptual framework, making it challenging to grasp the broader implications of blockchain in inheritance. This study aims to fill this gap by taking an exploratory approach to investigate the integration of blockchain and digital asset ownership and transfer in the context of Succession and Inheritance. The authors provide a conceptual framework to guide all stakeholders involved in the inheritance process. The study seeks to bridge existing knowledge gaps and offer a cohesive perspective on how blockchain technology can revolutionize inheritance practices through a combination of case studies, theoretical research, and practical implementation insights. The article is structured into four sections: an introductory section providing background context, an extensive review of relevant literature, including key principles and practical examples, an innovative conceptual framework, and a thorough analysis and synthesis of the research findings.

Dondjio, I., & Kazamias, A. (2024). A Blockchain Framework for Digital Asset Ownership and Transfer in Succession. In Lecture notes in business information processing (pp. 88–106).

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Ethical and Legal Challenges of NFTs and the Metaverse in the UAE: A Systematic Literature Review

The rapid advancement of technology has led to the emergence of Non- Fungible Tokens (NFTs) and the Metaverse, representing unique digital assets and a post-reality environment that combines virtual and digital worlds. This review aims to explore the legal and ethical challenges associated with NFTs and the Metaverse in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and to identify opportunities for the UAE to position itself as a leader in these technologies. A review of 15 research articles was conducted, focusing on privacy, cybersecurity, regulatory concerns, and socio-cultural issues related to NFTs and the Metaverse in the UAE. Information relevant to the UAE was included, while unrelated data was excluded. The findings indicate that NFTs and the Metaverse offer significant opportunities for the UAE to lead in technological innovation. However, substantial legal and ethical challenges must be addressed to realize these benefits fully. Enhancing the financing and entrepreneurial ecosystem in the UAE is recommended to foster innovative applications of NFTs and the Metaverse. Addressing legal and ethical challenges is crucial to improving citizens’ lives, boosting economic competitiveness, and driving innovation.

Alsuwaidi, A., & Dondjio, I. (2025). Ethical and Legal Challenges of NFTs and the Metaverse in the UAE: A Systematic Literature Review. In Lecture notes in business information processing (pp. 245–259).

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Barriers to blockchain adoption in developing countries: a systematic literature review

Dondjio, I., & Kazamias, A. (2025a). Barriers to blockchain adoption in developing countries: a systematic literature review. In Edward Elgar Publishing eBooks (pp. 184–199).

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Navigating Ethical Challenges in Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Technologies

The emergence of blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies has transformed digital ecosystems, introducing opportunities for innovation and efficiency alongside profound ethical challenges. This paper explores key ethical considerations in cryptocurrency and blockchain, including the decentralization of financial systems, the balance between privacy and transparency, the use of blockchain for surveillance, and the socio-economic impacts on vulnerable populations. The authors delve into the contrasting emphasis on ethical considerations for financial solutions deployed in developed and developing countries. The borderless nature of blockchain and cryptocurrencies enables decentralised international transactions while simultaneously introducing specific challenges regarding the definition of applicable law and other jurisdictional legal matters. Through a combination of literature analysis and illustrative case studies, the authors examine the complex ethical dilemmas that accompany these technologies in combination with their actual and perceived links to crime. The findings aim to provide actionable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers, fostering the responsible and equitable adoption of blockchain and cryptocurrency technologies.

Dondjio, I., & Kazamias, A. (2025). Navigating Ethical Challenges in Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Technologies. International Journal Of Criminology And Sociology, 14, 19–36.

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